Front
How many hydrogen bonds form between Cytosine and Guanine?
Back
Three hydrogen bonds
This makes C-G pairs more stable than A-T pairs, which only have two.
Public Deck
AP Biology Exam Prep - 50 Key Concepts
Prepare for the AP Biology exam with 50 essential concepts covering all major units from molecules to ecosystems.
AnyFlashcards50 cards
Preview
Front
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
Back
A five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Nucleotides are the monomers that build DNA and RNA polymers.
Front
What reaction type joins monomers by removing a water molecule?
Back
Dehydration synthesis
Example: Joining amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
Front
Which level of protein structure involves alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets?
Back
Secondary structure
Maintained by hydrogen bonds between the polypeptide backbone.
Front
How do enzymes increase the rate of biological reactions?
Back
By lowering the activation energy
Enzymes stabilize the transition state without being consumed.
Front
What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition?
Back
Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site; non-competitive bind to an allosteric site
Competitive inhibition can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration.
Front
Which property of water allows it to move up a plant's xylem against gravity?
Back
Cohesion and Adhesion
Cohesion (water-water) and adhesion (water-cell wall) drive capillary action.
Front
Identify three structural differences between DNA and RNA.
Back
Sugar (deoxyribose vs ribose), Bases (Thymine vs Uracil), and Strands (Double vs Single)
DNA is generally more stable for long-term information storage.
Front
What does it mean for a phospholipid to be 'amphipathic'?
Back
It has both a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
This property allows for the spontaneous formation of the lipid bilayer.
Front
What occurs during the hydrolysis of ATP?
Back
Energy is released as a phosphate bond is broken
ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + Energy.
+ 40 more cards
Related Flashcard Decks
Ready to study?
Sign up for free to copy this deck and start learning with spaced repetition.
Get started for free